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When the scalp is not healthy, this can cause discomfort in the form of itchiness, flakiness, oiliness or painful bumps. Hair loss can also occur.

Dandruff

This common scalp condition can affect anyone from newborns (cradle cap) to the elderly. It often manifests as an itchy and flaky scalp. The eyebrows, ears and mid –face may appear red, itchy and flaky too. The overgrowth of yeast and increased oil production plays a role in this condition. Seborrheic dermatitis is a more severe variant of this condition. Treatment options include medicated shampoos and topical applications.

Scalp Psoriasis

This is a chronic immune condition of the scalp. Psoriasis can run in the family. It appears as deep pink flaky well demarcated patches on the scalp, often involving the hairline and ears. It is important to examine the rest of the body as psoriasis commonly also affects the elbows, knees, nails and trunk.

Scalp folliculitis

Increased oil production ( sebum) plays a central role in this condition. It manifests as painful red and sometimes itchy bumps of the scalp that look like ‘pimples’.

Tinea capitis

This is a true fungal infection of the scalp and is infectious. Most commonly seen in children as flaky red patches on the skin with or without hair loss. It is important to treat and examine household and close contacts of the affected person too with anti-fungal shampoos, topicals and tablets.