The Dermatology Practice.

#pediatricskin #pediatricdermatology #skincareforchildren #dermatologist #dermatology

The human skin, the body’s largest organ, undergoes significant changes throughout life. Pediatric skin, encompassing newborns to adolescents, exhibits distinct characteristics compared to adult skin. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing effective skin care strategies and products tailored to specific age groups.

Pediatric Skin (0-18 years)

There are fundamental physiologic skin differences between adults and children. Pediatric skin have the following characteristics:

  1. Thinner skin: Pediatric skin is approximately 20-30% thinner than adult skin
  2. Higher water content: Increased hydration levels required, hence make pediatric skin more susceptible to dryness in normal everyday conditions
  3. Immature barrier function and increased sensitivity: Pediatric skin’s natural moisture barrier is weaker, hence causing it to react more intensely to irritants and allergens
  4. Faster cell turnover

(Young) Adult Skin (19+ years)

  1. Thicker skin: Adult skin is more resilient due to increased collagen and elastin. In young adults, they will find their skin being sweatier or greasier, due to the maturation and increased activity of both sweat and oil glands. This can lead to acne or comedone formation as well
  2. Lower water content: Adult skin tends to be drier, especially with aging
  3. Mature barrier function: Adult skin’s natural moisture barrier is stronger, hence are more resistant to irritants
  4. Slower cell turnover: Adult skin regenerates more slowly

Skin Care Product Differences

There are many product formulations available. Taking heed of the different characteristics of adult and pediatric skin, there are certain useful ingredients in caring for the skin for either groups.


Pediatric Skin Care Products

We would recommend skincare products with the following properties

  1. Gentle, fragrance-free formulations: To minimize irritation and allergic reactions
  2. Hypoallergenic ingredients: To reduce risk of allergic reactions
  3. Moisturizing properties: To combat dryness and support skin hydration
  4. pH balanced: To maintain skin’s natural pH (5.5). Do take note that in actively inflamed or infected skin, the natural skin microbiome and pH can be disrupted. Speak to your dermatologist to see how best to manage acute flares
  5. Avoid harsh chemicals: No artificial dyes, sulfates, or parabens

Key Ingredients for Pediatric Skin (Non exhaustive list)

  1. Glycerin: Hydrates and protects
  2. Ceramides: Supports skin barrier function
  3. Niacinamide: Soothes and calms
  4. Aloe vera: Soothes and hydrates
  5. Zinc oxide: Protects against sun damage

Adult Skin Care Products

  1. Anti-aging properties: Address wrinkles, fine lines, and skin discoloration
  2. Gentle Exfoliating ingredients: Remove dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover
  3. Hydrating and moisturizing: Combat dryness, especially in mature skin
  4. Targeted treatments: Address specific concerns (acne, hyperpigmentation)
  5. Active ingredients-specific: Retinol, vitamin C, and alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs)

Key Ingredients for Adult Skin (Non exhaustive list)

With greater maturity, adult skin can safely tolerate different skincare ingredients. This should be tailored to the individual skin needs. Some of more commonly used ingredients include:

  1. Retinol: Stimulates collagen production, reduces fine lines
  2. Hyaluronic acid: Hydrates and plumps
  3. Vitamin C: Antioxidant, brightens complexion
  4. Peptides: Stimulates collagen production
  5. Salicylic acid: Exfoliates, unclogs pores

    6. Conclusion

    Pediatric and adult skin exhibit distinct characteristics, requiring tailored skin care approaches. Understanding these differences enables the development of effective, age-specific skin care products. By choosing products suitable for their skin type and age, individuals can optimize their skin health and address specific concerns

    References

    1. National Eczema Association. (2022). Skin Care for Children with Eczema.
    2. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. (2020). Pediatric Skin Care.
    3. Skin Cancer Foundation. (2022). Sun Protection for Children.
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